Population, GDP, natural resources, leaders and history of Ghana: the Magna Factbook country file, with its Magna grade (MCC, ranked #127 of 195).
Ghana is a presidential republic in Western Africa, bordering the Gulf of Guinea, between Cote d'Ivoire and Togo. The country's capital is Accra; it covers 238,533 sq km. Independence: 6 March 1957 (from the UK). Terrain: mostly low plains with dissected plateau in south-central area. Climate: tropical; warm and comparatively dry along southeast coast; hot and humid in southwest; hot and dry in north. Population: 35.3 million (2025 estimate). Population growth: +2.12% per year. Median age: 21.6 years. Life expectancy: 70.1 years (2024 est.). Languages: Asante 16%, Ewe 14%, Fante 11.6%, Boron (Brong) 4.9%, Dagomba 4.4%, Dangme 4.2%, Dagarte (Dagaba) 3.9%, Kokomba 3.5%, Akyem 3.2%, Ga 3.1%, o…
| Capital | Accra |
|---|---|
| Population | 35,336,133 (2025 est.) |
| GDP (PPP) | $243.124 billion (2024 est.) |
| GDP per capita (PPP) | $7,100 (2024 est.) |
| Real GDP growth | 5.7% (2024 est.) |
| Inflation | 22.8% |
| Unemployment | 3.1% |
| Public debt | 73.4% of GDP (2016 est.) |
| Exports | $25.365 billion (2023 est.) |
| Imports | $26.024 billion (2023 est.) |
| Life expectancy | 70.1 years (2024 est.) |
| Median age | 21.6 |
| Urbanization | 59.2% of total population (2023) |
| Government | presidential republic |
| Independence | 6 March 1957 (from the UK) |
| Languages | Asante 16%, Ewe 14%, Fante 11.6%, Boron (Brong) 4.9%, Dagomba 4.4%, Dangme 4.2%, Dagarte (Dagaba) 3.9%, Kokomba 3.5%, Akyem 3.2%, Ga 3.1%, other 31.2% (2010 est.) |
MCC · 44/100 — The Magna grade is our 0–100 composite of structural national power — five dimensions, 100+ indicators. It is the Bureau's own assessment, not a mirror of World Bank or CIA figures.
Momentum 0 — Quarterly momentum: the Bureau's read on the country's trajectory over the last quarter, from −10 (deteriorating fast) to +10 (accelerating).
The quarter's signal was silence: no major domestic development, no external shock, no diplomatic breakthrough.
The country's course remains what it was in June — set by structural realities that no single quarter rewrites.
Gold, Timber, Diamonds, Bauxite, Manganese, Hydropower, Oil, Silver, Salt.
John Mahama — President. President John Dramani MAHAMA (since 7 January 2025)
Ghana maintains 55 embassies and 7 consulates abroad, hosts 69 foreign diplomatic missions, holds permanent missions to UN New York, AU Addis Ababa. The breadth of a diplomatic network is a direct measure of diplomatic power — it shows how far a country’s influence, alliances and interests reach.
| Embassies abroad | 55 |
|---|---|
| Consulates abroad | 7 |
| Foreign missions hosted | 69 |
| Multilateral missions | UN New York, AU Addis Ababa |
Source: Consular Affairs Center, Diplomatic and Consular Networks Database and Rankings, January 2026 (Zenodo, CC BY 4.0). https://zenodo.org/records/18109976
Transport networks are economic power made physical — ports, runways, railways and pipelines decide what a country can move, sell and defend.
| Sea access | Coastal — 539 km of coastline. |
|---|---|
| Airports (total) | 11 + 7 heliports (registration prefix 9G) |
| Major seaports | Saltpond, Sekondi, Takoradi, Tema |
| Railways | 947 km |
Kotoka International Airport (ACC) — Accra; Prempeh I International Airport (KMS) — Kumasi; Yakubu Tali International Airport (TML) — Tamale; Sunyani Airport (NYI) — Sunyani; Takoradi Airport (TKD) — Sekondi-Takoradi.
Sources: OurAirports public-domain extract (2026-10-02); per-entry Wikipedia links included; CIA World Factbook via cia_factbook snapshot (2026-09-28)
| Political system | presidential republic |
|---|---|
| Next election | No election currently scheduled. |
MCC · 44 Ranked #127 of 195 countries in the Magna Country Rankings. Full ranking breakdown for Ghana.
