Population, GDP, natural resources, leaders and history of Serbia: the Magna Factbook country file, with its Magna grade (MCB, ranked #94 of 195).
Serbia is a parliamentary republic in Southeastern Europe, between Macedonia and Hungary. The country's capital is Belgrade (Beograd); it covers 77,474 sq km. Independence: 5 June 2006 (from the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro); notable earlier dates: 1217 (Serbian Kingdom established); 16 April 1346 (Serbian Empire established); 13 July 1878 (Congress of Berlin recognizes Serbian independence); 1 December 1918 (Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes established, later known as Yugoslavia). Terrain: extremely varied; to the north, rich fertile plains; to the east, limestone ranges and basins; to the southeast, ancient mountains and hills. Climate: in the north, continental climate (cold…
| Capital | Belgrade (Beograd) |
|---|---|
| Population | 6,652,212 (2024 est.) |
| GDP (PPP) | $177.093 billion (2024 est.) |
| GDP per capita (PPP) | $26,900 (2024 est.) |
| Real GDP growth | 3.9% (2024 est.) |
| Inflation | 4.7% |
| Unemployment | 7.4% |
| Public debt | 73.1% of GDP (2016 est.) |
| Exports | $44.352 billion (2023 est.) |
| Imports | $48.158 billion (2023 est.) |
| Life expectancy | 75.3 years (2024 est.) |
| Median age | 44.1 |
| Urbanization | 57.1% of total population (2023) |
| Government | parliamentary republic |
| Independence | 5 June 2006 (from the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro); notable earlier dates: 1217 (Serbian Kingdom established); 16 April 1346 (Serbian Empire established); 13 July 1878 (Congress of Berlin recognizes Serbian independence); 1 December 1918 (Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes established, later known as Yugoslavia) |
| Languages | Serbian (official) 88.1%, Hungarian 3.4%, Bosnian 1.9%, Romani 1.4%, other 3.4%, undeclared or unknown 1.8% (2011 est.) |
MCB · 49/100 — The Magna grade is our 0–100 composite of structural national power — five dimensions, 100+ indicators. It is the Bureau's own assessment, not a mirror of World Bank or CIA figures.
Momentum 0 — Quarterly momentum: the Bureau's read on the country's trajectory over the last quarter, from −10 (deteriorating fast) to +10 (accelerating).
Little moved in Jul–Sep 2026: no crisis, no windfall. The quarter simply confirmed the country's standing course.
Deeper forces — trade patterns, regional stability, institutional strength — will decide the trajectory; three months rarely do.
Oil, Natural gas, Coal, Iron ore, Copper, Zinc, Antimony, Gold, Silver, Magnesium, Marble, Salt.
Đuro Macut — Prime Minister. President Aleksandar VUCIC (since 31 May 2017)
Serbia maintains 71 embassies and 22 consulates abroad, hosts 71 foreign diplomatic missions, holds permanent missions to UN New York, UN Geneva, UNESCO Paris, OSCE Vienna, CoE Strasbourg. The breadth of a diplomatic network is a direct measure of diplomatic power — it shows how far a country’s influence, alliances and interests reach.
| Embassies abroad | 71 |
|---|---|
| Consulates abroad | 22 |
| Foreign missions hosted | 71 |
| Multilateral missions | UN New York, UN Geneva, UNESCO Paris, OSCE Vienna, CoE Strasbourg |
Source: Abroad: Consular Affairs Center, of-country ranking, Mar 2026 (71/22), Zenodo https://zenodo.org/records/18917562/ . Hosted: Consular Affairs Center, in-country ranking, Jan 2026 (Belgrade 71). Multilateral rosters as for AUT.
Transport networks are economic power made physical — ports, runways, railways and pipelines decide what a country can move, sell and defend.
| Sea access | Landlocked — no seacoast; exports move through transit corridors across neighbouring countries. |
|---|---|
| Airports (total) | 46 + 11 heliports (registration prefix YU) |
| Railways | 3333 km |
| Pipelines | 1,936 km gas, 413 km oil |
Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport (BEG) — Belgrade; Niš Constantine the Great Airport (INI) — Niš; Morava Airport (KVO) — Kraljevo.
| River ports | Belgrade (Danube) |
|---|
Sources: OurAirports public-domain extract (2026-10-02); per-entry Wikipedia links included; CIA World Factbook via cia_factbook snapshot (2026-09-28); theodora.com CIA mirror (CIA World Factbook Transportation section), scraped 2026-10-02
| Political system | parliamentary republic |
|---|---|
| Next election | No election currently scheduled. |
MCB · 49 Ranked #94 of 195 countries in the Magna Country Rankings. Full ranking breakdown for Serbia.
