Population, GDP, natural resources, leaders and history of Oman: the Magna Factbook country file, with its Magna grade (MBB, ranked #58 of 195).
Oman — in Middle East, bordering the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Oman, and Persian Gulf, between Yemen and the UAE. Political status: absolute monarchy. The country's capital is Muscat; it covers 309,500 sq km. Independence: 1650 (expulsion of the Portuguese). Terrain: central desert plain, rugged mountains in north and south. Climate: dry desert; hot, humid along coast; hot, dry interior; strong southwest summer monsoon (May to September) in far south. Population: 4.0 million (2025 estimate). Population growth: +1.70% per year. Median age: 27.5 years. Life expectancy: 77.4 years (2024 est.). Languages: Arabic (official), English, Baluchi, Swahili, Urdu, Indian dialects Religions: Muslim 85.9%, Ch…
| Capital | Muscat |
|---|---|
| Population | 3,969,824 (2025 est.) |
| GDP (PPP) | $193.591 billion (2024 est.) |
| GDP per capita (PPP) | $36,700 (2024 est.) |
| Real GDP growth | 1.7% (2024 est.) |
| Inflation | 1.0% |
| Unemployment | 3.2% |
| Public debt | 46.9% of GDP (2017 est.) |
| Exports | $64.749 billion (2023 est.) |
| Imports | $47.412 billion (2023 est.) |
| Life expectancy | 77.4 years (2024 est.) |
| Median age | 27.5 |
| Urbanization | 88.4% of total population (2023) |
| Government | absolute monarchy |
| Independence | 1650 (expulsion of the Portuguese) |
| Languages | Arabic (official), English, Baluchi, Swahili, Urdu, Indian dialects |
MBB · 55/100 — The Magna grade is our 0–100 composite of structural national power — five dimensions, 100+ indicators. It is the Bureau's own assessment, not a mirror of World Bank or CIA figures.
Momentum 0 — Quarterly momentum: the Bureau's read on the country's trajectory over the last quarter, from −10 (deteriorating fast) to +10 (accelerating).
An uneventful quarter, recorded without embellishment: no breakthrough to celebrate, no setback to mourn.
The longer forces — demographics, trade routes, regional balances — kept doing what they do, and the country rode them steadily.
Oil, Copper, Asbestos, Marble, Chromium, Gypsum, Natural gas.
None. Sultan and Prime Minister HAITHAM bin Tarik Al Said (since 11 January 2020)
Oman maintains 56 embassies and 0 consulates abroad, hosts 60 foreign diplomatic missions. The breadth of a diplomatic network is a direct measure of diplomatic power — it shows how far a country’s influence, alliances and interests reach.
| Embassies abroad | 56 |
|---|---|
| Consulates abroad | 0 |
| Foreign missions hosted | 60 |
Source: Outbound: Consular Affairs Center (Yonsei Univ.), diplomatic & consular networks database, January 2026 report (Zenodo). Hosted: Wikipedia 'List of diplomatic missions in Oman' ('currently 60 embassies in Muscat', crawled 2026-10-01).
Transport networks are economic power made physical — ports, runways, railways and pipelines decide what a country can move, sell and defend.
| Sea access | Coastal — 2092 km of coastline. |
|---|---|
| Airports (total) | 37 + 20 heliports (registration prefix A4O) |
| Major seaports | Duqm, Khawr Khasab, Mina Al Fahl, Mina Raysut, Sohar |
| Pipelines | 106 km condensate, 4,224 km gas, 3,558 km oil, 33 km oil/gas/water, 264 km refined products (2013) |
| Top container ports (TEU) | Salalah (4,510,000 TEU, 2021) |
Duqm International Airport (DQM) — Duqm; Muscat International Airport (MCT) — Muscat/Seeb; Salalah International Airport (SLL) — Salalah; Suhar International Airport (OHS) — Suhar; Khasab Airport (KHS) — Khasab.
| LNG export terminals | Qalhat |
|---|
Sources: OurAirports public-domain extract (2026-10-02); per-entry Wikipedia links included; CIA World Factbook via cia_factbook snapshot (2026-09-28); theodora.com CIA mirror (CIA World Factbook Transportation section), scraped 2026-10-02
| Political system | absolute monarchy |
|---|---|
| Next election | No election currently scheduled. |
MBB · 55 Ranked #58 of 195 countries in the Magna Country Rankings. Full ranking breakdown for Oman.
