Population, GDP, natural resources, leaders and history of Moldova: the Magna Factbook country file, with its Magna grade (MCC, ranked #140 of 195).
Moldova is a parliamentary republic in Eastern Europe, northeast of Romania. The country's capital is Chisinau in Romanian (Kishinev in Russian); it covers 33,851 sq km. Independence: 27 August 1991 (from the Soviet Union). Terrain: rolling steppe, gradual slope south to Black Sea. Climate: moderate winters, warm summers. Population: 3.6 million (2025 estimate). Population growth: +0.57% per year. Median age: 40.4 years. Life expectancy: 70.1 years (2024 est.). Languages: Moldovan/Romanian 80.2% (official) (56.7% Moldovan; 23.5% Romanian), Russian 9.7%, Gagauz 4.2% (a Turkish language), Ukrainian 3.9%, Bulgarian 1.5%, Romani 0.3%, other 0.2% (2014) Religions: Orthodox 90.1%, other Christian…
| Capital | Chisinau in Romanian (Kishinev in Russian) |
|---|---|
| Population | 3,578,930 (2025 est.) |
| GDP (PPP) | $39.342 billion (2024 est.) |
| GDP per capita (PPP) | $16,500 (2024 est.) |
| Real GDP growth | 0.1% (2024 est.) |
| Inflation | 4.7% |
| Unemployment | 1.5% |
| Public debt | 34.3% of GDP (2023 est.) |
| Exports | $5.717 billion (2024 est.) |
| Imports | $10.418 billion (2024 est.) |
| Life expectancy | 70.1 years (2024 est.) |
| Median age | 40.4 |
| Urbanization | 43.4% of total population (2023) |
| Government | parliamentary republic |
| Independence | 27 August 1991 (from the Soviet Union) |
| Languages | Moldovan/Romanian 80.2% (official) (56.7% Moldovan; 23.5% Romanian), Russian 9.7%, Gagauz 4.2% (a Turkish language), Ukrainian 3.9%, Bulgarian 1.5%, Romani 0.3%, other 0.2% (2014) |
MCC · 42/100 — The Magna grade is our 0–100 composite of structural national power — five dimensions, 100+ indicators. It is the Bureau's own assessment, not a mirror of World Bank or CIA figures.
Momentum 0 — Quarterly momentum: the Bureau's read on the country's trajectory over the last quarter, from −10 (deteriorating fast) to +10 (accelerating).
The quarter passed without decisive turns. Governance continued, markets functioned, and the score reflects that uneventfulness.
For countries like this, the real story is always the slow one — and this quarter added no new chapter to it.
Gypsum.
Vasile Tofan — Prime Minister. President Maia SANDU (since 24 December 2020)
Moldova maintains 33 embassies and 8 consulates abroad, hosts 31 foreign diplomatic missions, holds permanent missions to UN New York, UN Geneva, UNESCO Paris, OSCE Vienna, CoE Strasbourg. The breadth of a diplomatic network is a direct measure of diplomatic power — it shows how far a country’s influence, alliances and interests reach.
| Embassies abroad | 33 |
|---|---|
| Consulates abroad | 8 |
| Foreign missions hosted | 31 |
| Multilateral missions | UN New York, UN Geneva, UNESCO Paris, OSCE Vienna, CoE Strasbourg |
Source: Abroad: Consular Affairs Center, of-country ranking, Jan 2026 (33/8), Zenodo https://zenodo.org/records/18109976/ . Hosted: Consular Affairs Center, in-country ranking, Jan 2026 (Chisinau 31). Multilateral rosters as for AUT.
Transport networks are economic power made physical — ports, runways, railways and pipelines decide what a country can move, sell and defend.
| Sea access | Landlocked — no seacoast; exports move through transit corridors across neighbouring countries. |
|---|---|
| Airports (total) | 10 + 1 heliports (registration prefix ER) |
| Railways | 1171 km |
Chişinău International Airport (RMO) — Chişinău.
Sources: OurAirports public-domain extract (2026-10-02); per-entry Wikipedia links included; CIA World Factbook via cia_factbook snapshot (2026-09-28)
| Political system | parliamentary republic |
|---|---|
| Next election | No election currently scheduled. |
MCC · 42 Ranked #140 of 195 countries in the Magna Country Rankings. Full ranking breakdown for Moldova.
Historical timeline of Moldova
