Population, GDP, natural resources, leaders and history of Algeria: the Magna Factbook country file, with its Magna grade (MCB, ranked #75 of 195).
Algeria is a presidential republic in Northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Morocco and Tunisia. The country's capital is Algiers; it covers 2,381,740 sq km. Independence: 5 July 1962 (from France). Terrain: mostly high plateau and desert; Atlas Mountains in the far north and Hoggar Mountains in the south; narrow, discontinuous coastal plain. Climate: arid to semiarid; mild, wet winters with hot, dry summers along coast; drier with cold winters and hot summers on high plateau; sirocco is a hot, dust/sand-laden wind especially common in summer. Population: 47.7 million (2025 estimate). Population growth: +1.47% per year. Median age: 29.3 years. Life expectancy: 77.9 years…
| Capital | Algiers |
|---|---|
| Population | 47,735,685 (2025 est.) |
| GDP (PPP) | $722.912 billion (2024 est.) |
| GDP per capita (PPP) | $15,400 (2024 est.) |
| Real GDP growth | 3.3% (2024 est.) |
| Inflation | 4.0% |
| Unemployment | 11.5% |
| Public debt | 27.5% of GDP (2017 est.) |
| Exports | $59.426 billion (2023 est.) |
| Imports | $51.131 billion (2023 est.) |
| Life expectancy | 77.9 years (2024 est.) |
| Median age | 29.3 |
| Urbanization | 75.3% of total population (2023) |
| Government | presidential republic |
| Independence | 5 July 1962 (from France) |
| Languages | Arabic (official), French (lingua franca), Tamazight (official) (dialects include Kabyle (Taqbaylit), Shawiya (Tacawit), Mzab, Tuareg (Tamahaq)) |
MCB · 52/100 — The Magna grade is our 0–100 composite of structural national power — five dimensions, 100+ indicators. It is the Bureau's own assessment, not a mirror of World Bank or CIA figures.
Momentum 0 — Quarterly momentum: the Bureau's read on the country's trajectory over the last quarter, from −10 (deteriorating fast) to +10 (accelerating).
The quarter's signal was silence: no major domestic development, no external shock, no diplomatic breakthrough.
The country's course remains what it was in June — set by structural realities that no single quarter rewrites.
Oil, Natural gas, Iron ore, Phosphates, Uranium, Lead, Zinc.
Abdelmadjid Tebboune — President. President Abdelmadjid TEBBOUNE (since 12 December 2019)
Algeria maintains 95 embassies and 37 consulates abroad, hosts 94 foreign diplomatic missions, holds permanent missions to UN New York, AU Addis Ababa. The breadth of a diplomatic network is a direct measure of diplomatic power — it shows how far a country’s influence, alliances and interests reach.
| Embassies abroad | 95 |
|---|---|
| Consulates abroad | 37 |
| Foreign missions hosted | 94 |
| Multilateral missions | UN New York, AU Addis Ababa |
Source: Consular Affairs Center, Diplomatic and Consular Networks Database and Rankings, March 2026 (Zenodo, CC BY 4.0). https://zenodo.org/records/18917562
Transport networks are economic power made physical — ports, runways, railways and pipelines decide what a country can move, sell and defend.
| Sea access | Coastal — 998 km of coastline. |
|---|---|
| Airports (total) | 95 + 11 heliports (registration prefix 7T) |
| Major seaports | Alger, Annaba, Arzew, Arzew El Djedid, Bejaia, Mers El Kebir, Oran, Port Methanier, Skikda |
| Railways | 4020 km |
| Pipelines | 2,600 km condensate, 16,415 km gas, 3,447 km liquid petroleum gas, 7,036 km oil, 144 km refined products (2013) |
Aguenar – Hadj Bey Akhamok Airport (TMR) — Tamanrasset; Annaba Rabah Bitat Airport (AAE) — Annaba; Batna Mostefa Ben Boulaid Airport (BLJ) — Batna; Biskra - Mohamed Khider Airport (BSK) — Biskra; Chlef Aboubakr Belkaid International Airport (CFK) — Chlef; Houari Boumediene Airport (ALG) — Algiers; Jijel Ferhat Abbas Airport (GJL) — Tahir; Mohamed Boudiaf International Airport (CZL) — Constantine; Oran Es-Sénia (Ahmed Ben Bella) International Airport (ORN) — Es-Sénia; Soummam–Abane Ramdane Airport (BJA) — Béjaïa.
Showing 10 of 15 major airports.
| LNG export terminals | Arzew, Bethioua, Skikda |
|---|
Sources: OurAirports public-domain extract (2026-10-02); per-entry Wikipedia links included; CIA World Factbook via cia_factbook snapshot (2026-09-28); theodora.com CIA mirror (CIA World Factbook Transportation section), scraped 2026-10-02
| Political system | presidential republic |
|---|---|
| Next election | No election currently scheduled. |
MCB · 52 Ranked #75 of 195 countries in the Magna Country Rankings. Full ranking breakdown for Algeria.
Historical timeline of Algeria
