Population, GDP, natural resources, leaders and history of Lithuania: the Magna Factbook country file, with its Magna grade (MBB, ranked #35 of 195).
Lithuania — in Eastern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, between Latvia and Russia, west of Belarus. Political status: semi-presidential republic. The country's capital is Vilnius; it covers 65,300 sq km. Independence: 16 February 1918 (from Soviet Russia and Germany); 11 March 1990 (declared from the Soviet Union); 6 September 1991 (recognized by the Soviet Union); notable earlier dates: 6 July 1253 (coronation of MINDAUGAS, traditional founding date); 1 July 1569 (Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth created). Terrain: lowland, many scattered small lakes, fertile soil. Climate: transitional, between maritime and continental; wet, moderate winters and summers. Population: 2.8 million (2025 estim…
| Capital | Vilnius |
|---|---|
| Population | 2,815,687 (2025 est.) |
| GDP (PPP) | $136.227 billion (2024 est.) |
| GDP per capita (PPP) | $47,200 (2024 est.) |
| Real GDP growth | 2.8% (2024 est.) |
| Inflation | 0.7% |
| Unemployment | 7.6% |
| Public debt | 36.9% of GDP (2023 est.) |
| Exports | $62.896 billion (2024 est.) |
| Imports | $58.491 billion (2024 est.) |
| Life expectancy | 76.1 years (2024 est.) |
| Median age | 44.0 |
| Urbanization | 68.7% of total population (2023) |
| Government | semi-presidential republic |
| Independence | 16 February 1918 (from Soviet Russia and Germany); 11 March 1990 (declared from the Soviet Union); 6 September 1991 (recognized by the Soviet Union); notable earlier dates: 6 July 1253 (coronation of MINDAUGAS, traditional founding date); 1 July 1569 (Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth created) |
| Languages | Lithuanian (official) 85.3%, Russian 6.8%, Polish 5.1%, other 1.1%, two mother tongues 1.7% (2021 est.) |
MBB · 63/100 — The Magna grade is our 0–100 composite of structural national power — five dimensions, 100+ indicators. It is the Bureau's own assessment, not a mirror of World Bank or CIA figures.
Momentum 0 — Quarterly momentum: the Bureau's read on the country's trajectory over the last quarter, from −10 (deteriorating fast) to +10 (accelerating).
No single event defined Jul–Sep 2026. The country's position is the product of long-cycle forces — geography, trade, neighbours — all of which held steady.
Momentum at zero is not stagnation; it is the accurate record of a quarter without a catalyst.
Mindaugas Sinkevičius — Prime Minister. President Gitanas NAUSEDA (since 12 July 2019)
Lithuania maintains 42 embassies and 11 consulates abroad, hosts 34 foreign diplomatic missions, holds permanent missions to UN New York, UN Geneva, EU Brussels, NATO Brussels, OECD Paris, UNESCO Paris, OSCE Vienna, CoE Strasbourg. The breadth of a diplomatic network is a direct measure of diplomatic power — it shows how far a country’s influence, alliances and interests reach.
| Embassies abroad | 42 |
|---|---|
| Consulates abroad | 11 |
| Foreign missions hosted | 34 |
| Multilateral missions | UN New York, UN Geneva, EU Brussels, NATO Brussels, OECD Paris, UNESCO Paris, OSCE Vienna, CoE Strasbourg |
Source: Abroad: Lowy GDI 2024 via Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_number_of_diplomatic_missions . Hosted: Consular Affairs Center in-country ranking, Jan 2026 (Vilnius 34). Multilateral rosters as for AUT.
Transport networks are economic power made physical — ports, runways, railways and pipelines decide what a country can move, sell and defend.
| Sea access | Coastal — 90 km of coastline. |
|---|---|
| Airports (total) | 64 + 2 heliports (registration prefix LY) |
| Major seaports | Butinge Oil Terminal, Klaipeda |
| Railways | 1911 km |
Kaunas International Airport (KUN) — Kaunas; Palanga International Airport (PLQ) — Palanga; Vilnius International Airport (VNO) — Vilnius.
Sources: OurAirports public-domain extract (2026-10-02); per-entry Wikipedia links included; CIA World Factbook via cia_factbook snapshot (2026-09-28)
| Political system | semi-presidential republic |
|---|---|
| Last election | 2024 — parliamentary; 2024-10-13 (round 1) / 2024-10-27 (round 2); winner: Social Democratic Party of Lithuania (LSDP) (LSDP); Historic swing from conservatives; LSDP quadruples seats from 13 to 52 Wikipedia / Xinhua |
| Next election | 2028 — parliamentary (scheduled) |
Source: constitutional schedule / public election calendar
MBB · 63 Ranked #35 of 195 countries in the Magna Country Rankings. Full ranking breakdown for Lithuania.
Historical timeline of Lithuania
