Population, GDP, natural resources, leaders and history of Liechtenstein: the Magna Factbook country file, with its Magna grade (MCB, ranked #113 of 195).
Liechtenstein is a constitutional monarchy in Central Europe, between Austria and Switzerland. The country's capital is Vaduz; it covers 160 sq km. Independence: 23 January 1719 (Principality of Liechtenstein established); 12 July 1806 (independence from the Holy Roman Empire); 24 August 1866 (independence from the German Confederation). Terrain: mostly mountainous (Alps) with Rhine Valley in western third. Climate: continental; cold, cloudy winters with frequent snow or rain; cool to moderately warm, cloudy, humid summers. Population: 41,000 (2025 estimate). Population growth: +0.68% per year. Median age: 44.4 years. Life expectancy: 83 years (2024 est.). Languages: German 91.5% (official,…
| Capital | Vaduz |
|---|---|
| Population | 40,547 (2025 est.) |
| GDP (PPP) | $7.172 billion (2024 est.) |
| GDP per capita (PPP) | $210,600 (2024 est.) |
| Inflation | 2.8% |
| Exports | $3.217 billion (2015 est.) |
| Life expectancy | 83 years (2024 est.) |
| Median age | 44.4 |
| Urbanization | 14.6% of total population (2023) |
| Government | constitutional monarchy |
| Independence | 23 January 1719 (Principality of Liechtenstein established); 12 July 1806 (independence from the Holy Roman Empire); 24 August 1866 (independence from the German Confederation) |
| Languages | German 91.5% (official, Alemannic is the main dialect), Italian 1.5%, Turkish 1.3%, Portuguese 1.1%, other 4.6% (2015 est.) |
MCB · 46/100 — The Magna grade is our 0–100 composite of structural national power — five dimensions, 100+ indicators. It is the Bureau's own assessment, not a mirror of World Bank or CIA figures.
Momentum 0 — Quarterly momentum: the Bureau's read on the country's trajectory over the last quarter, from −10 (deteriorating fast) to +10 (accelerating).
A quiet quarter: no major shocks, no breakthroughs. The country's trajectory is set by structural forces larger than any single season.
The honest reading is steadiness — neither crisis nor windfall — with the long currents of demography, trade and institutions deciding more than any three months.
Brigitte Haas — Prime Minister. Prince HANS-ADAM II (since 13 November 1989, assumed executive powers on 26 August 1984)
Liechtenstein maintains 5 embassies and 0 consulates abroad, hosts 0 foreign diplomatic missions, holds permanent missions to UN New York, UN Geneva, EU Brussels, OSCE Vienna, CoE Strasbourg. The breadth of a diplomatic network is a direct measure of diplomatic power — it shows how far a country’s influence, alliances and interests reach.
| Embassies abroad | 5 |
|---|---|
| Consulates abroad | 0 |
| Foreign missions hosted | 0 |
| Multilateral missions | UN New York, UN Geneva, EU Brussels, OSCE Vienna, CoE Strasbourg |
Source: Abroad/hosted: Consular Affairs Center, Jan 2026 of-country (5 embassies abroad), Zenodo https://zenodo.org/records/18109976/ ; Wikipedia 'List of diplomatic missions in Liechtenstein' (no resident embassy or career consulate; 111 ambassadors accredited, resident in Bern/Vienna/Berlin, as of May 2026) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Liechtenstein ; Clingendael paper on Liechtenstein's multilateral missions (Brussels EEA/EU, Vienna OSCE, Strasbourg CoE, Geneva, New York) https://www.clingendael.org/sites/default/files/pdfs/20110200_cdsp_paper_kstringer.pdf . Multilateral rosters as for AUT.
Transport networks are economic power made physical — ports, runways, railways and pipelines decide what a country can move, sell and defend.
| Sea access | Landlocked — no seacoast; exports move through transit corridors across neighbouring countries. |
|---|---|
| Railways | 9 km |
| Pipelines | 434.5 km gas (2018) |
Sources: OurAirports public-domain extract (2026-10-02); per-entry Wikipedia links included; CIA World Factbook via cia_factbook snapshot (2026-09-28); theodora.com CIA mirror (CIA World Factbook Transportation section), scraped 2026-10-02
| Political system | constitutional monarchy |
|---|---|
| Next election | No election currently scheduled. |
MCB · 46 Ranked #113 of 195 countries in the Magna Country Rankings. Full ranking breakdown for Liechtenstein.
Historical timeline of Liechtenstein
