Factbook
Histoire de Ouzbékistan — Chronologie
Dates clés de l'histoire de Ouzbékistan, d'après le Factbook Magna et l'Encyclopédie universelle.
1924Stiff resistance to the Red Army after the Bolshevik Revolution was eventually suppressed and a socialist republic established in 1924.
1991Independence: 1 September 1991 (from the Soviet Union).
1991Independent since the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) dissolved in 1991, the country has diversified agricultural production while developing its mineral and petroleum export capacity and increasing its manufacturing base, although cotton remains a major part of its economy.
2016Uzbekistan’s first president, Islom KARIMOV, led Uzbekistan for 25 years until his death in 2016.
2019Military spending: 2.8% of GDP (2019 est.).
2021MIRZIYOYEV was reelected in 2021 with 80% of the vote and again following a 2023 constitutional referendum with 87% of the vote.
2023Generation mix — fossil fuels: 90.8% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); solar: 0.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); hydroelectricity: 8.7% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) Energy use: 55.305 million Btu/person (2023 est.).
2023Industries: textiles, food processing, machine building, metallurgy, mining, hydrocarbon extraction, chemicals Agriculture: milk, wheat, cotton, potatoes, carrots/turnips, tomatoes, grapes, watermelons, vegetables, apples (2023) Electricity access: 100% (2022 est.).
2023Languages: Uzbek (official) 74.3%, Russian 14.2%, Tajik 4.4%, other 7.1% Religions: Muslim 88% (mostly Sunni), Eastern Orthodox 9%, other 3% Urban population: 50.5% of total population (2023).
2023Major urban areas: 2.603 million TASHKENT (capital) (2023) lower-middle income Central Asian economy; key exporter of natural gas, cotton, and gold; ongoing reform efforts to reduce state-owned sector dominance, attract foreign investment, and improve sustainability of cotton production Inflation: 9.6% (2024 est.).
2025Population: 37.0 million (2025 estimate).
