Factbook
Histoire de Ouganda — Chronologie
Dates clés de l'histoire de Ouganda, d'après le Factbook Magna et l'Encyclopédie universelle.
1894The area attracted the attention of British explorers seeking the source of the Nile River in the 1860s, and this influence expanded in subsequent decades with the arrival of Christian missionaries and trade agreements; Uganda was declared a British protectorate in 1894.
1962Independence: 9 October 1962 (from the UK).
1962Uganda gained independence in 1962 with one of the more developed economies and one of the strongest education systems in Sub-Saharan Africa, but it descended within a few years into political turmoil and internal conflict that lasted more than two decades.
1966In 1966, Prime Minister Milton OBOTE suspended the constitution and violently deposed President Edward MUTESA, who was also the king of Buganda.
1971Idi AMIN seized power in 1971 through a military coup and led the country into economic ruin and rampant mass atrocities that killed as many as 500,000 civilians.
1979AMIN’s annexation of Tanzanian territory in 1979 provoked Tanzania to invade Uganda, depose AMIN, and install a coalition government.
1979In the aftermath, Uganda continued to experience atrocities, looting, and political instability and had four different heads of state between 1979 and 1980.
1980OBOTE regained the presidency in 1980 through a controversial election that sparked renewed guerrilla warfare, killing as an estimated 300,000 civilians.
1985Tito OKELLO seized power in a coup in 1985, but his rule was short-lived, with Yoweri MUSEVENI becoming president in 1986 after his insurgency captured the capital.
2014Languages: English (official), Ganda or Luganda (most widely used of the Niger-Congo languages and the language used most often in the capital), other Niger-Congo languages, Nilo-Saharan languages, Swahili (official), Arabic Religions: Protestant 45.1% (Anglican 32.0%, Pentecostal/Born Again/Evangelical 11.1%, Seventh Day Adventist 1.7%, Baptist .3%), Roman Catholic 39.3%, Muslim 13.7%, other 1.6%, none 0.2% (2014 est.) Urban population: 26.8% of total population (2023).
2017In 2017, parliament removed presidential age limits, making it possible for MUSEVENI to remain in office for life.
2023Generation mix — fossil fuels: 2.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); solar: 2.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); hydroelectricity: 86.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) Energy use: 2.252 million Btu/person (2023 est.).
2023Industries: sugar processing, brewing, tobacco, cotton textiles; cement, steel production Agriculture: plantains, sugarcane, milk, maize, cassava, sweet potatoes, vegetables, beans, potatoes, tea (2023) Electricity access: 47.1% (2022 est.).
2023Major urban areas: 3.846 million KAMPALA (capital) (2023) low-income, primarily agrarian East African economy; COVID-19 hurt economic growth and poverty reduction; lower oil prices threaten prior sector investments; endemic corruption; natural resource rich; high female labor force participation but undervalued Inflation: 3.3% (2024 est.).
2023Military spending: 2% of GDP (2023 est.).
2025Population: 50.9 million (2025 estimate).
