Factbook
Histoire de Timor oriental — Chronologie
Dates clés de l'histoire de Timor oriental, d'après le Factbook Magna et l'Encyclopédie universelle.
1859In 1859, Portugal ceded the western portion of the island to the Dutch.
1942Imperial Japan occupied Portuguese Timor from 1942 to 1945, but Portugal resumed colonial authority after the Japanese defeat in World War II.
1975Independence: 28 November 1975 (from Portugal); 20 May 2002 (from Indonesia).
1975The eastern part of Timor declared itself independent from Portugal on 28 November 1975, but Indonesian forces invaded and occupied the area nine days later.
1976It was incorporated into Indonesia in 1976 as the province of Timor Timur (East Timor or Timor Leste).
1999In a UN-supervised referendum in 1999, an overwhelming majority of the people of Timor-Leste voted for independence from Indonesia.
2002In 2002, Timor-Leste was internationally recognized as an independent state.
2006In 2006, Australia and the UN had to step in again to stabilize the country, which allowed presidential and parliamentary elections to be conducted in 2007 in a largely peaceful atmosphere.
2008In 2008, rebels staged an unsuccessful attack against the president and prime minister.
2012Since that attack, Timor-Leste has made considerable progress in building stability and democratic institutions, holding a series of successful parliamentary and presidential elections since 2012.
2015Languages: Tetun Prasa 30.6%, Mambai 16.6%, Makasai 10.5%, Tetun Terik 6.1%, Baikenu 5.9%, Kemak 5.8%, Bunak 5.5%, Tokodede 4%, Fataluku 3.5%, Waima'a 1.8%, Galoli 1.4%, Naueti 1.4%, Idate 1.2%, Midiki 1.2%, other 4.5% (2015 est.) Religions: Catholic 90.7%, other 7.1%, Protestant Evangelical 1.9%; less than 1%: Islam, Buddhist, Hindu (2022 est.) Urban population: 32.5% of total population (2023).
2018Major urban areas: 281,000 DILI (capital) (2018) lower middle-income Southeast Asian economy; government expenditures funded via oil fund drawdowns; endemic corruption undermines growth; foreign aid-dependent; wide-scale poverty, unemployment, and illiteracy Inflation: 2.1% (2024 est.).
2023Generation mix — fossil fuels: 99.8% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); solar: 0.2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) Energy use: 6.825 million Btu/person (2023 est.).
2023Industries: printing, soap manufacturing, handicrafts, woven cloth Agriculture: maize, rice, coconuts, root vegetables, vegetables, cassava, other meats, pork, beans, coffee (2023) Electricity access: 99.7% (2022 est.).
2024Military spending: 2.5% of GDP (2024 est.).
