Factbook
Histoire de Gambie — Chronologie
Dates clés de l'histoire de Gambie, d'après le Factbook Magna et l'Encyclopédie universelle.
1664In 1664, the United Kingdom established a colony in The Gambia focused on exporting enslaved people across the Atlantic.
1965Independence: 18 February 1965 (from the UK).
1965The Gambia gained its independence from the UK in 1965.
1982Geographically surrounded by Senegal, it formed the short-lived confederation of Senegambia between 1982 and 1989.
1994In 1994, Yahya JAMMEH led a military coup overthrowing the president and banning political activity.
2016He subsequently won every presidential election until 2016, when he lost to Adama BARROW, who headed an opposition coalition during free and fair elections.
2016Since the 2016 election, The Gambia and the US have enjoyed improved relations.
2019Languages: English (official), Mandinka, Wolof, Fula, other indigenous vernaculars Religions: Muslim 96.4%, Christian 3.5%, other or none 0.1% (2019-20 est.) Urban population: 64.5% of total population (2023).
2023Generation mix — fossil fuels: 99% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); solar: 0.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); wind: 0.4% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) Energy use: 2.731 million Btu/person (2023 est.).
2023Industries: peanuts, fish, hides, tourism, beverages, agricultural machinery assembly, woodworking, metalworking, clothing Agriculture: rice, groundnuts, milk, millet, oil palm fruit, maize, vegetables, cassava, fruits, sorghum (2023) Electricity access: 65.4% (2022 est.).
2023Major urban areas: 481,000 BANJUL (capital) (2023) low-income West African economy; agriculture-dominant; high poverty rate; heightened inflation; dependent on foreign assistance and remittances; structural reforms conditioned by IMF Extended Credit Facility program Inflation: 11.6% (2024 est.).
2024Military spending: 0.6% of GDP (2024 est.).
