Factbook
Histoire de Suriname — Chronologie
Dates clés de l'histoire de Suriname, d'après le Factbook Magna et l'Encyclopédie universelle.
1863With the abolition of African slavery in 1863, workers were brought in from India and Java.
1975Independence: 25 November 1975 (from the Netherlands).
1975The Netherlands granted the colony independence in 1975.
1987It continued to exert control through a succession of nominally civilian administrations until 1987, when international pressure finally forced a democratic election.
1990In 1990, the military overthrew the civilian leadership, but a democratically elected government -- a four-party coalition -- returned to power in 1991.
2005The coalition expanded to eight parties in 2005 and ruled until 2010, when voters returned former military leader Desire BOUTERSE and his opposition coalition to power.
2012Languages: Dutch (official), English (widely spoken), Sranang Tongo (Surinamese, sometimes called Taki-Taki, is the native language of Creoles and much of the younger population), Caribbean Hindustani (a dialect of Hindi), Javanese Religions: Protestant 23.6% (includes Evangelical 11.2%, Moravian 11.2%, Reformed 0.7%, Lutheran 0.5%), Hindu 22.3%, Roman Catholic 21.6%, Muslim 13.8%, other Christian 3.2%, Winti 1.8%, Jehovah's Witness 1.2%, other 1.7%, none 7.5%, unspecified 3.2% (2012 est.) Urban population: 66.4% of total population (2023).
2015President BOUTERSE ran unopposed in 2015 and was reelected.
2018Major urban areas: 239,000 PARAMARIBO (capital) (2018) upper middle-income South American economy; new floating currency regime; key aluminum goods, gold, and hydrocarbon exporter; new IMF plan for economic recovery and fiscal sustainability; controversial hardwood industry Inflation: 16.2% (2024 est.).
2019Military spending: 1.2% of GDP (2019 est.).
2020Opposition parties campaigned hard against BOUTERSE in the run-up to the 2020 elections, and a multi-party coalition led by Chandrikapersad SANTOKHI’s VHP and Ronnie Brunswijk’s ABOP was installed.
2023Generation mix — fossil fuels: 57.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); solar: 0.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); hydroelectricity: 42% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) Energy use: 60.896 million Btu/person (2023 est.).
2023Industries: gold mining, oil, lumber, food processing, fishing Agriculture: rice, sugarcane, oranges, vegetables, chicken, cassava, plantains, pineapples, eggs, citrus fruits (2023) Electricity access: 99% (2022 est.).
