Factbook
Histoire de Singapour — Chronologie
Dates clés de l'histoire de Singapour, d'après le Factbook Magna et l'Encyclopédie universelle.
1819In 1819, the British founded modern Singapore as a trading colony on the same site and granted it full internal self-government for all matters except defense and foreign affairs in 1959.
1963Singapore joined the Malaysian Federation in 1963 but was ousted two years later and became independent.
1965Independence: 9 August 1965 (from Malaysian Federation).
2020Languages: English (official) 48.3%, Mandarin (official) 29.9%, other Chinese dialects (includes Hokkien, Cantonese, Teochew, Hakka) 8.7%, Malay (official) 9.2%, Tamil (official) 2.5%, other 1.4% (2020 est.) Religions: Buddhist 31.1%, Christian 18.9%, Muslim 15.6%, Taoist 8.8%, Hindu 5%, other 0.6%, none 20% (2020 est.) Urban population: 100% of total population (2023).
2023Generation mix — fossil fuels: 94.8% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); solar: 2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) Energy use: 643.259 million Btu/person (2023 est.).
2023Industries: electronics, chemicals, financial services, oil drilling equipment, petroleum refining, biomedical products, scientific instruments, telecommunication equipment, processed food and beverages, ship repair, offshore platform construction, entrepot trade Agriculture: chicken, eggs, vegetables, pork, duck, spinach, lettuce, pork offal, cabbages, pork fat (2023) Electricity access: 100% (2022 est.).
2023Major urban areas: 6.081 million SINGAPORE (capital) (2023) high-income, service-based economy; global financial hub; business-friendly policies and open to investment and trade; inflation easing but persistent in services; public investments in education, healthcare, and infrastructure; strong human capital development challenged by aging population Inflation: 2.4% (2024 est.).
2024Military spending: 3% of GDP (2024 est.).
