Factbook
Histoire de Sénégal — Chronologie
Dates clés de l'histoire de Sénégal, d'après le Factbook Magna et l'Encyclopédie universelle.
1815In 1815, France abolished slavery and began expanding inland.
1959In 1959, the French colonies of Senegal and French Sudan were merged and granted independence in 1960 as the Mali Federation.
1960Independence: 4 April 1960 (from France); 20 August 1960 (full independence after federation with Mali is dissolved).
1982In 1982, Senegal joined with The Gambia to form the nominal confederation of Senegambia.
1989The envisaged integration of the two countries was never implemented, and the union dissolved in 1989.
2000The Socialist Party of Senegal ruled for 40 years until Abdoulaye WADE was elected president in 2000 and re-elected in 2007.
2012In 2012, WADE’s decision to run for a third presidential term sparked public backlash that led to his loss to current President Macky SALL.
2012Since 2012, despite sporadic incidents of violence, an unofficial cease-fire has remained largely in effect.
2016A 2016 constitutional referendum limited future presidents to two consecutive five-year terms.
2019Languages: French (official), Wolof, Pulaar, Jola, Mandinka, Serer, Soninke Religions: Muslim 97.2% (most adhere to one of the four main Sufi brotherhoods), Christian 2.7% (mostly Roman Catholic) (2019 est.) Urban population: 49.6% of total population (2023).
2023Generation mix — fossil fuels: 78.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); solar: 7.4% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); wind: 9.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); hydroelectricity: 3.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) Energy use: 8.303 million Btu/person (2023 est.).
2023Industries: agricultural and fish processing, phosphate mining, fertilizer production, petroleum refining, zircon, and gold mining, construction materials, ship construction and repair Agriculture: rice, groundnuts, watermelons, millet, cassava, sugarcane, maize, sorghum, onions, milk (2023) Electricity access: 67.9% (2022 est.).
2023Major urban areas: 3.340 million DAKAR (capital) (2023) lower middle-income, services-driven West African economy; key mining, construction, agriculture, and fishing industries; tourism and exports hit hard by COVID-19; large informal economy; developing offshore oil and gas fields; systemic corruption Inflation: 0.8% (2024 est.).
2024Military spending: 1.6% of GDP (2024 est.).
2024Population: 18.8 million (2024 estimate).
2024President Bassirou Diomaye FAYE took office in April 2024.
