Factbook
Histoire de Philippines — Chronologie
Dates clés de l'histoire de Philippines, d'après le Factbook Magna et l'Encyclopédie universelle.
1898The Philippine Islands became a Spanish colony during the 16th century; they were ceded to the US in 1898 following the Spanish-American War.
1899Led by Emilio AGUINALDO, the Filipinos conducted an insurgency against US rule from 1899-1902, although some fighting continued in outlying islands as late as 1913.
1935In 1935, the Philippines became a self-governing commonwealth.
1944The islands fell under Japanese occupation during World War II, and US forces and Filipinos fought together during 1944-45 to regain control.
1946On 4 July 1946 the Republic of the Philippines attained its independence.
1986Twenty-one years of authoritarian rule under Ferdinand MARCOS ended in 1986, when a "people power" movement in Manila ("EDSA 1") forced him into exile and installed Corazon AQUINO as president.
1992Several coup attempts hampered her presidency, and progress on political stability and economic development faltered until Fidel RAMOS was elected president in 1992.
1998Joseph ESTRADA was elected president in 1998.
2001His vice-president, Gloria MACAPAGAL-ARROYO, succeded him in 2001 after ESTRADA's stormy impeachment trial on corruption charges broke down and another "people power" movement ("EDSA 2") demanded his resignation.
2004MACAPAGAL-ARROYO was elected president in 2004.
2008Corruption allegations marred her presidency, but the Philippine economy was one of the few to avoid contraction after the 2008 global financial crisis.
2010Benigno AQUINO III was elected as president in 2010, followed by Rodrigo DUTERTE in 2016.
2020Languages: Tagalog 39.9%, Bisaya/Binisaya 16%, Hiligaynon/Ilonggo 7.3%, Ilocano 7.1%, Cebuano 6.5%, Bikol/Bicol 3.9%, Waray 2.6%, Kapampangan 2.4%, Maguindanao 1.4%, Pangasinan/Panggalato 1.3%, other languages/dialects 11.2%, unspecified 0.4% (2020 est.) Religions: Roman Catholic 78.8%, Muslim 6.4%, Iglesia ni Cristo 2.6%, other Christian 3.9%, other 8.2%, none/unspecified <0.1 (2020 est.) Urban population: 48.3% of total population (2023).
2022was elected president in 2022 with the largest popular vote in a presidential election since his father's ouster.
2023Generation mix — fossil fuels: 77.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); solar: 1.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); wind: 0.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); hydroelectricity: 9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); geothermal: 9.3% of total instal Energy use: 17.654 million Btu/person (2023 est.).
2023Industries: semiconductors and electronics assembly, business process outsourcing, food and beverage manufacturing, construction, electric/gas/water supply, chemical products, radio/television/communications equipment and apparatus, petroleum and fuel, textile and garment Agriculture: sugarcane, rice, coconuts, maize, bananas, vegetables, tropical fruits, plantains, pineapples, cassava (2023) Electricity access: 94.8% (2022 est.).
2023Major urban areas: 14.667 million MANILA (capital), 1.949 million Davao, 1.025 million Cebu City, 931,000 Zamboanga, 960,000 Antipolo, 803,000 Cagayan de Oro City, 803,000 Dasmarinas (2023) growing Southeast Asian economy; commercial rebound led by transportation, construction and financial services; electronics exports recovering from sector slowdown; significant remittances; interest rate rises following heightened inflation; uncertainties due to increased regional tensions with China Inflation: 3.2% (2024 est.).
2024Military spending: 1.7% of GDP (2024 est.).
2024Population: 118.3 million (2024 estimate).
