Factbook
Histoire de Malaisie — Chronologie
Dates clés de l'histoire de Malaisie, d'après le Factbook Magna et l'Encyclopédie universelle.
1942Japan occupied these holdings from 1942 to 1945.
1948In 1948, the British-ruled territories on the Malay Peninsula (except Singapore) formed the Federation of Malaya, which became independent in 1957.
1957Independence: 31 August 1957 (from the UK).
1963Malaysia was formed in 1963 when the former British colonies of Singapore, as well as Sabah and Sarawak on the northern coast of Borneo, joined the Federation.
1965A communist insurgency, confrontations with Indonesia, Philippine claims to Sabah, and Singapore's expulsion in 1965 marred the first several years of the country's independence.
1981During the 22-year term of Prime Minister MAHATHIR Mohamad (1981-2003), Malaysia was successful in diversifying its economy from dependence on exports of raw materials to the development of manufacturing, services, and tourism.
2018Former Prime Minister MAHATHIR and a newly formed coalition of opposition parties defeated Prime Minister Mohamed NAJIB bin Abdul Razak's United Malays National Organization (UMNO) in 2018, ending over 60 years of uninterrupted UMNO rule.
2018From 2018-2022, Malaysia underwent considerable political upheaval, with a succession of coalition governments holding power.
2020Languages: Bahasa Malaysia (official), English, Chinese (Cantonese, Mandarin, Hokkien, Hakka, Hainan, Foochow), Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Panjabi, Thai Religions: Muslim (official) 63.5%, Buddhist 18.7%, Christian 9.1%, Hindu 6.1%, other (Confucianism, Taoism, other traditional Chinese religions) 0.9%, none/unspecified 1.8% (2020 est.) Urban population: 78.7% of total population (2023).
2022Following legislative elections in 2022, ANWAR Ibrahim was appointed prime minister after more than 20 years in opposition.
2023Generation mix — fossil fuels: 81.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); solar: 1.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); hydroelectricity: 16.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) Energy use: 113.163 million Btu/person (2023 est.).
2023Industries: Peninsular Malaysia - rubber and oil palm processing and manufacturing, petroleum and natural gas, light manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, medical technology, electronics and semiconductors, timber processing; Sabah - logging, petroleum and natural gas productio Agriculture: oil palm fruit, rice, chicken, eggs, tropical fruits, coconuts, vegetables, pineapples, rubber, bananas (2023) Electricity access: 100% (2022 est.).
2023Major urban areas: 8.622 million KUALA LUMPUR (capital), 1.086 million Johor Bahru, 857,000 Ipoh (2023) upper middle-income Southeast Asian economy; implementing key anticorruption policies; major electronics, oil, and chemicals exporter; trade sector employs over 40% of jobs; key economic equity initiative; high labor productivity Inflation: 1.8% (2024 est.).
2024Military spending: 1% of GDP (2024 est.).
2025Population: 34.9 million (2025 estimate).
