Factbook
Histoire de Japon — Chronologie
Dates clés de l'histoire de Japon, d'après le Factbook Magna et l'Encyclopédie universelle.
1603In 1603, after decades of civil warfare, the Tokugawa shogunate (a military-led, dynastic government) ushered in a long period of relative political stability and isolation from foreign influence.
1854Japan opened its ports after signing the Treaty of Kanagawa with the US in 1854 and began to intensively modernize and industrialize.
1890(mythological date of Emperor JIMMU founding the nation); 29 November 1890 (Meiji Constitution provides for constitutional monarchy).
1931In 1931-32, Japan occupied Manchuria, and in 1937, it launched a full-scale invasion of China.
1941Japan attacked US forces at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, in 1941, triggering America's entry into World War II, and Japan soon occupied much of East and Southeast Asia.
1947Independence: 3 May 1947 (current constitution adopted as amendment to Meiji Constitution); notable earlier dates: 11 February 660 B.C.
2011In 2011, Japan's strongest-ever earthquake and an accompanying tsunami devastated the northeast part of Honshu, killed thousands, and damaged several nuclear power plants.
2012ABE Shinzo was reelected as prime minister in 2012, and he embarked on ambitious economic and security reforms to improve Japan's economy and bolster the country's international standing.
2019In 2019, ABE became Japan's longest-serving post-war prime minister; he resigned in 2020 and was succeeded by SUGA Yoshihide.
2021KISHIDA Fumio became prime minister in 2021.
2021Languages: Japanese Religions: Shintoism 48.6%, Buddhism 46.4%, Christianity 1.1%, other 4% (2021 est.) Urban population: 92% of total population (2023).
2023Generation mix — fossil fuels: 65.8% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); nuclear: 8.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); solar: 10.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); wind: 1.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); hydroelectricity: 7.1% of total instal Energy use: 129.504 million Btu/person (2023 est.).
2023Industries: motor vehicles, electronic equipment, machine tools, steel and nonferrous metals, ships, chemicals, textiles, processed foods Agriculture: rice, milk, sugar beets, vegetables, eggs, chicken, potatoes, onions, cabbages, pork (2023) Electricity access: 100% (2022 est.).
2023Major urban areas: 37.194 million TOKYO (capital), 19.013 million Osaka, 9.569 million Nagoya, 5.490 million Kitakyushu-Fukuoka, 2.937 million Shizuoka-Hamamatsu, 2.666 million Sapporo (2023) second-largest East Asian economy; trade-oriented and highly diversified; high public debt levels; following years of near-zero interest rates, gradual increases to address inflation and depreciation of yen; strong rebound in tourism; aging population poses challenges to labor force participation Inflation: 2.7% (2024 est.).
2024Military spending: 1.4% of GDP (2024 est.).
2024Population: 123.2 million (2024 estimate).
