Factbook
Histoire de Chypre — Chronologie
Dates clés de l'histoire de Chypre, d'après le Factbook Magna et l'Encyclopédie universelle.
1960A former British colony, Cyprus became independent in 1960 after years of resistance to British rule.
1960Independence: 16 August 1960 (from the UK).
1963Tensions between the Greek Cypriot majority and Turkish Cypriot minority came to a head in December 1963, when violence broke out in the capital of Nicosia.
1964Despite the deployment of UN peacekeepers in 1964, sporadic intercommunal violence continued and forced most Turkish Cypriots into enclaves throughout the island.
1974In 1974, a Greek Government-sponsored attempt to overthrow the elected president of Cyprus was met by military intervention from Turkey, which soon controlled more than a third of the island.
1983In 1983, the Turkish Cypriot administered area declared itself the "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" (TRNC), but it is recognized only by Turkey.
2004A UN-mediated agreement to reunite Cyprus, the Annan Plan, failed to win approval from both communities in 2004.
2004The entire island joined the EU in 2004, although the EU acquis -- the body of common rights and obligations -- applies only to the areas under the internationally recognized government and is suspended in the TRNC.
2011Languages: Greek (official) 80.9%, Turkish (official) 0.2%, English 4.1%, Romanian 2.9%, Russian 2.5%, Bulgarian 2.2%, Arabic 1.2%, Filipino 1.1%, other 4.3%, unspecified 0.6% (2011 est.) Religions: Eastern Orthodox Christian 89.1%, Roman Catholic 2.9%, Protestant/Anglican 2%, Muslim 1.8%, Buddhist 1%, other (includes Maronite Catholic, Armenian Apostolic, Hindu) 1.4%, unknown 1.1%, none/atheist 0.6% (2011 est.) Urban population: 67% of total population (2023).
2017The most recent round of reunification negotiations was suspended in 2017 after failure to achieve a breakthrough.
2018Major urban areas: 269,000 NICOSIA (capital) (2018) services-based, high-income EU island economy; heavy tourism; sustained growth between recovery of national banking system and COVID-19 trade restrictions; high living standards; a known financial hub, its stock exchange functions as an investment bridge between EU-and EEU-member countries Inflation: 1.8% (2024 est.).
2023Generation mix — fossil fuels: 79.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); solar: 16% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); wind: 3.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) Energy use: 107.188 million Btu/person (2023 est.).
2023Industries: tourism, food and beverage processing, cement and gypsum, ship repair and refurbishment, textiles, light chemicals, metal products, wood, paper, stone and clay products Agriculture: milk, potatoes, sheep milk, pork, goat milk, wheat, chicken, olives, grapes, barley (2023) Electricity access: 100% (2022 est.).
2024Military spending: 1.7% of GDP (2024 est.).
