Factbook
Histoire de Croatie — Chronologie
Dates clés de l'histoire de Croatie, d'après le Factbook Magna et l'Encyclopédie universelle.
1918925 (Kingdom of Croatia established), 1 December 1918 (Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes established, later became Yugoslavia).
1918In 1918, the Croats, Serbs, and Slovenes formed a kingdom known after 1929 as Yugoslavia.
1991Although Croatia declared its independence from Yugoslavia in 1991, it took four years of sporadic, but often bitter, fighting before Yugoslav forces were cleared from Croatian lands, along with a majority of Croatia's ethnic Serb population.
1991Independence: 25 June 1991 (from Yugoslavia); notable earlier dates: ca.
1998Under UN supervision, the last Serb-held enclave in eastern Slavonia was returned to Croatia in 1998.
2009The country joined NATO in 2009 and the EU in 2013.
2021Languages: Croatian (official) 95.2%, Serbian 1.2%, other 3.1% (including Bosnian, Romani, Albanian, and Italian) unspecified 0.5% (2021 est.) Religions: Roman Catholic 79%, Orthodox 3.3%, Protestant 0.3%, other Christian 4.8%, Muslim 1.3%, other 1.1%, agnostic 1.7%, none or atheist 4.7%, unspecified 3.9% (2021 est.) Urban population: 58.6% of total population (2023).
2023Generation mix — fossil fuels: 31.2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); solar: 1.7% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); wind: 14.8% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); hydroelectricity: 48.5% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); geothermal: 0.1% of total in Energy use: 79.907 million Btu/person (2023 est.).
2023In January 2023, Croatia further integrated into the EU by joining the Eurozone and the Schengen Area.
2023Industries: chemicals and plastics, machine tools, fabricated metal, electronics, pig iron and rolled steel products, aluminum, paper, wood products, construction materials, textiles, shipbuilding, petroleum and petroleum refining, food and beverages, tourism Agriculture: maize, wheat, sugar beets, milk, barley, soybeans, sunflower seeds, potatoes, pork, grapes (2023) Electricity access: 100% (2022 est.).
2023Major urban areas: 684,000 ZAGREB (capital) (2023) upper-middle-income Balkan economy; newest euro user (introduced in 2023); increased investments from EU structural funds and tourism sector contributing to strong but moderating economic growth; declining energy prices and restrictive monetary policy easing inflation; historically low unemployment rate with labor shortages within services and manufacturing sectors Inflation: 3% (2024 est.).
2025Military spending: 2% of GDP (2025 est.).
