Factbook
Histoire de Costa Rica — Chronologie
Dates clés de l'histoire de Costa Rica, d'après le Factbook Magna et l'Encyclopédie universelle.
1563It was not until 1563 that a permanent settlement of Cartago was established in the cooler, fertile central highlands.
1821In 1821, Costa Rica was one of several Central American provinces that jointly declared independence from Spain.
1821Independence: 15 September 1821 (from Spain).
1838Two years later it joined the United Provinces of Central America, but this federation disintegrated in 1838, at which time Costa Rica proclaimed its sovereignty and independence.
1917General Federico TINOCO Granados led a coup in 1917, but the threat of US intervention pushed him to resign in 1919.
1948In 1948, landowner Jose FIGUERES Ferrer raised his own army and rebelled against the government.
1953FIGUERES was later elected twice in his own right, in 1953 and 1970.
2021Languages: Spanish (official), English Religions: Roman Catholic 47.5%, Evangelical and Pentecostal 19.8%, Jehovah's Witness 1.4%, other Protestant 1.2%, other 3.1%, none 27% (2021 est.) Urban population: 82.6% of total population (2023).
2023Generation mix — fossil fuels: 0.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); solar: 0.7% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); wind: 12.7% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); hydroelectricity: 72.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); geothermal: 13.1% of total in Energy use: 30.725 million Btu/person (2023 est.).
2023Industries: medical equipment, food processing, textiles and clothing, construction materials, fertilizer, plastic products Agriculture: sugarcane, pineapples, bananas, oil palm fruit, milk, fruits, oranges, chicken, cassava, beef (2023) Electricity access: 100% (2022 est.).
2023Major urban areas: 1.462 million SAN JOSE (capital) (2023) trade-based upper middle-income economy; green economy leader, having reversed deforestation; investing in blue economy infrastructure; declining poverty until hard impacts of COVID-19; lingering inequality and growing government debts have prompted a liquidity crisis Inflation: -0.4% (2024 est.).
2024Military spending: 0.6% of GDP (2024 est.).
