Factbook
Histoire de Colombie — Chronologie
Dates clés de l'histoire de Colombie, d'après le Factbook Magna et l'Encyclopédie universelle.
1830Colombia was one of three countries that emerged after the dissolution of Gran Colombia in 1830 -- the others are Ecuador and Venezuela.
2016After four years of formal peace negotiations, the Colombian Government signed a final accord with the FARC in 2016 that called for its members to demobilize, disarm, and reincorporate into society and politics.
2023Generation mix — fossil fuels: 34% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); solar: 1.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); wind: 0.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); hydroelectricity: 62.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) Energy use: 29.305 million Btu/person (2023 est.).
2023Industries: textiles, food processing, oil, clothing and footwear, beverages, chemicals, cement; gold, coal, emeralds Agriculture: sugarcane, oil palm fruit, milk, rice, plantains, potatoes, bananas, maize, chicken, avocados (2023) Electricity access: 100% (2022 est.).
2023Languages: Spanish (official) 98.9%, indigenous 1%, Portuguese 0.1%; 65 indigenous languages exist (2023 est.) Religions: Roman Catholic 63.6%, Protestant 17.2% (Evangelical 16.7%, Adventist 0.3%, other Protestant 0.2%), Jehovah's Witness 0.6%, Church of Jesus Christ 0.1%, other 0.3%, believer, 0.2%.
2023Major urban areas: 11.508 million BOGOTA (capital), 4.102 million Medellin, 2.864 million Cali, 2.349 million Barranquilla, 1.381 million Bucaramanga, 1.088 million Cartagena (2023) prior to COVID-19, one of the most consistent growth economies; declining poverty; large stimulus package has mitigated economic fallout, but delayed key infrastructure investments; successful inflation management; sound flexible exchange rate regime; domestic economy suffers from lack of trade integration and infrastructure Inflation: 6.6% (2024 est.).
2023agnostic 1%, atheist 1%, none 14.2%, unspecified 1.8% (2023 est.) Urban population: 82.4% of total population (2023).
2024Military spending: 3.4% of GDP (2024 est.).
2025Population: 49.8 million (2025 estimate).
