Factbook
Histoire de Cameroun — Chronologie
Dates clés de l'histoire de Cameroun, d'après le Factbook Magna et l'Encyclopédie universelle.
1884Powerful chiefdoms ruled much of the area of present-day Cameroon before it became a German colony known as Kamerun in 1884.
1960French Cameroon became independent in 1960 as the Republic of Cameroon.
1960Independence: 1 January 1960 (from French-administered UN trusteeship).
1972In 1972, a new constitution replaced the federation with a unitary state, the United Republic of Cameroon.
2016Nonetheless, unrest and violence in the country's two western, English-speaking regions have persisted since 2016.
2022Languages: 24 major African language groups, English (official), French (official) Religions: Roman Catholic 33.1%, Muslim 30.6%, Protestant 27.1% other Christian 6.1%, animist 1.3%, other 0.7%, none 1.2% (2022 est.) Urban population: 59.3% of total population (2023).
2023Generation mix — fossil fuels: 36.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); solar: 0.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); hydroelectricity: 63.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) Energy use: 4.271 million Btu/person (2023 est.).
2023Industries: petroleum production and refining, aluminum production, food processing, light consumer goods, textiles, lumber, ship repair Agriculture: cassava, plantains, oil palm fruit, maize, taro, tomatoes, sorghum, sugarcane, bananas, vegetables (2023) Electricity access: 71% (2022 est.).
2023Major urban areas: 4.509 million YAOUNDE (capital), 4.063 million Douala (2023) largest CEMAC economy with many natural resources; recent political instability and terrorism reducing economic output; systemic corruption; poor property rights enforcement; increasing poverty in northern regions Inflation: 4.5% (2024 est.).
2024Military spending: 1% of GDP (2024 est.).
2025Population: 31.5 million (2025 estimate).
