Factbook
Histoire de Cambodge — Chronologie
Dates clés de l'histoire de Cambodge, d'après le Factbook Magna et l'Encyclopédie universelle.
1863The king placed the country under French protection in 1863, and it became part of French Indochina in 1887.
1953Following Japanese occupation in World War II, Cambodia gained full independence from France in 1953.
1953Independence: 9 November 1953 (from France).
1975In 1975, after a seven-year struggle, communist Khmer Rouge forces captured Phnom Penh and evacuated all cities and towns.
1978A 1978 Vietnamese invasion drove the Khmer Rouge into the countryside, began a 10-year Vietnamese occupation, and touched off 13 years of internecine warfare in which a coalition of Khmer Rouge, Cambodian nationalists, and royalist insurgents, with assistance from China, fought the Vietnamese-backed People’s Republic of Kampuchea (PRK).
1991The 1991 Paris Agreements ended the country’s civil war and mandated democratic elections, which took place in 1993 and ushered in a period of multi-party democracy with a constitutional monarchy.
1997A UN-backed special tribunal established in Cambodia in 1997 tried some of the surviving Khmer Rouge leaders for crimes against humanity and genocide.
1997Nevertheless, the power-sharing arrangement proved fractious and fragile, and in 1997, a coup led by CPP leader and former PRK prime minister HUN SEN dissolved the coalition and sidelined FUNCINPEC.
1999The remaining elements of the Khmer Rouge surrendered in 1999.
2019Languages: Khmer (official) 95.8%, minority languages 2.9%, Chinese 0.6%, Vietnamese 0.5%, other 0.2% (2019 est.) Religions: Buddhist (official) 97.1%, Muslim 2%, Christian 0.3%, other 0.5% (2019 est.) Urban population: 25.6% of total population (2023).
2022The tribunal concluded in 2022 with three convictions.
2023Generation mix — fossil fuels: 55.5% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); solar: 5.8% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); hydroelectricity: 38.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) Energy use: 15.664 million Btu/person (2023 est.).
2023HUN SEN remained as prime minister until 2023, when he transferred power to his son, HUN MANET.
2023Industries: tourism, garments, construction, rice milling, fishing, wood and wood products, rubber, cement, gem mining, textiles Agriculture: cassava, rice, maize, sugarcane, vegetables, oil palm fruit, rubber, bananas, jute, pork (2023) Electricity access: 92.3% (2022 est.).
2023Major urban areas: 2.281 million PHNOM PENH (capital) (2023) one of the fastest growing Southeast Asian economies; rebounding tourism and clothing exports; substantial manufacturing and construction sectors; new trade agreements expanding agricultural markets; significant public debt; investing in new ports and roads Inflation: 2.1% (2023 est.).
2024Military spending: 1.5% of GDP (2024 est.).
2025Population: 17.2 million (2025 estimate).
