Factbook
Histoire de Bosnie-Herzégovine — Chronologie
Dates clés de l'histoire de Bosnie-Herzégovine, d'après le Factbook Magna et l'Encyclopédie universelle.
1878After four centuries of Ottoman rule over Bosnia and Herzegovina, Austria-Hungary took control in 1878 and held the region until 1918, when it was incorporated into the newly created Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes.
1991Bosnia and Herzegovina declared sovereignty in October 1991 and independence from the SFRY on 3 March 1992 after a referendum boycotted by ethnic Serbs.
1992From 1992 to 1995, ethnic cleansing campaigns killed thousands and displaced more than two million people.
1992Independence: 1 March 1992 (from Yugoslavia).
1995On 21 November 1995, in Dayton, Ohio, the warring parties initialed a peace agreement, and the final agreement was signed in Paris on 14 December 1995.
1996In 1996, the NATO-led Stabilization Force (SFOR) took over responsibility for enforcing the peace.
2004In 2004, European Union peacekeeping troops (EUFOR) replaced SFOR.
2013Languages: Bosnian (official) 52.9%, Serbian (official) 30.8%, Croatian (official) 14.6%, other 1.6%, no answer 0.2% (2013 est.) Religions: Muslim 50.7%, Orthodox 30.7%, Roman Catholic 15.2%, atheist 0.8%, agnostic 0.3%, other 1.2%, undeclared/no answer 1.1% (2013 est.) Urban population: 50.3% of total population (2023).
2022As of 2022, EUFOR deploys around 1,600 troops in Bosnia in a peacekeeping capacity.
2022Bosnia and Herzegovina became an official candidate for EU membership in 2022.
2023Generation mix — fossil fuels: 64% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); solar: 0.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); wind: 2.2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); hydroelectricity: 31.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) Energy use: 91.227 million Btu/person (2023 est.).
2023Industries: steel, coal, iron ore, lead, zinc, manganese, bauxite, aluminum, motor vehicle assembly, textiles, tobacco products, wooden furniture, ammunition, domestic appliances, oil refining Agriculture: maize, milk, vegetables, potatoes, plums, wheat, apples, barley, chicken, tomatoes (2023) Electricity access: 100% (2022 est.).
2023Major urban areas: 346,000 SARAJEVO (capital) (2023) import-dominated economy; remains consumption-heavy; lack of private sector investments and diversification; jointly addressing structural economic challenges; Chinese energy infrastructure investments; high unemployment; tourism industry impacted by COVID-19 Inflation: 1.7% (2024 est.).
2024Military spending: 0.8% of GDP (2024 est.).
