Factbook
Histoire de Bangladesh — Chronologie
Dates clés de l'histoire de Bangladesh, d'après le Factbook Magna et l'Encyclopédie universelle.
1947After the partition of India in 1947, the Muslim-majority area became East Pakistan.
1971Independence: 16 December 1971 (from Pakistan).
1971That movement, led by the Awami League (AL) and supported by India, won the independence war for Bangladesh in 1971.
1975The military overthrew the post-independence AL government in 1975, the first of a series of military coups that resulted in a military-backed government and the subsequent creation of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) that took power in 1979.
1981That government also ended in a coup in 1981, followed by military-backed rule until democratic elections were held in 1991.
1991The BNP and AL alternated in power from 1991 to 2008, with the exception of a military-backed, emergency caretaker regime in 2007.
2008The country returned to fully democratic rule in 2008 with the election of the AL and Prime Minister Sheikh HASINA.
2010Poverty declined from 11.8 percent in 2010 to 5.0 percent in 2022, based on the international poverty line of $2.15 a day (using 2017 Purchasing Power Parity exchange rate).
2011Languages: Bangla 98.8% (official, also known as Bengali), other 1.2% (2011 est.) Religions: Muslim 91%, Hindu 8%, other 1% (2022 est.) Urban population: 40.5% of total population (2023).
2023Generation mix — fossil fuels: 98.4% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); solar: 1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); hydroelectricity: 0.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) Energy use: 11.472 million Btu/person (2023 est.).
2023Industries: cotton, textiles and clothing, jute, tea, paper, cement, fertilizer, sugar, light engineering Agriculture: rice, milk, potatoes, maize, sugarcane, onions, jute, vegetables, mangoes/guavas, tropical fruits (2023) Electricity access: 99.4% (2022 est.).
2023Major urban areas: 23.210 million DHAKA (capital), 5.380 million Chittagong, 955,000 Khulna, 962,000 Rajshahi, 964,000 Sylhet, 906,000 Bogra (2023) one of the fastest growing emerging market economies; strong economic rebound following COVID-19; significant poverty reduction; exports dominated by textile industry; weakened exports and remittances resulted in declining foreign exchange reserves and 2022 IMF loan request Inflation: 10.5% (2024 est.).
2024Military spending: 0.9% of GDP (2024 est.).
2025Population: 174.4 million (2025 estimate).
2026With the help of international development assistance, Bangladesh is on track to graduate from the UN’s Least Developed Countries (LDC) list in 2026.
