Factbook
Histoire de Bahreïn — Chronologie
Dates clés de l'histoire de Bahreïn, d'après le Factbook Magna et l'Encyclopédie universelle.
1783In 1783, the Sunni AL-KHALIFA family took power in Bahrain.
1970A steady decline in oil production and reserves since 1970 prompted Bahrain to take steps to diversify its economy, in the process developing petroleum processing and refining, aluminum production, and hospitality and retail sectors.
1971Independence: 15 August 1971 (from the UK).
1971The archipelago attained its independence in 1971.
2011In 2011, amid Arab uprisings elsewhere in the region, the Bahraini Government responded to similar pro-democracy and reform protests at home with police and military action, including deploying Gulf Cooperation Council security forces.
2020In 2020, Bahrain and the United Arab Emirates signed the US-brokered Abraham Accords with Israel.
2020Languages: Arabic (official), English, Farsi, Urdu Religions: Muslim 74.2%, other 25.9% (2020 est) Urban population: 89.9% of total population (2023).
2022In 2022, the United States designated Bahrain as a major non-NATO ally.
2023Generation mix — fossil fuels: 99.7% of total installed capacity (2023 est.); solar: 0.2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) Energy use: 554.202 million Btu/person (2023 est.).
2023In 2023, Bahrain and the United States signed the Comprehensive Security Integration and Prosperity Agreement to enhance cooperation across a wide range of areas, from defense and security to emerging technology, trade, and investment.
2023Industries: petroleum processing and refining, aluminum smelting, iron pelletization, fertilizers, Islamic and offshore banking, insurance, ship repairing, tourism Agriculture: lamb/mutton, dates, milk, tomatoes, chicken, eggs, sheep offal, sheepskins, eggplants, chillies/peppers (2023) Electricity access: 100% (2022 est.).
2023Major urban areas: 709,000 MANAMA (capital) (2023) high-income, growing Middle Eastern island economy; oil and aluminum exporter with diversification led by services, construction and manufacturing; regional finance and tourism hub; high public debt linked to oil revenue dependence and limited tax base; vulnerable to water reservoir depletion Inflation: 0.9% (2024 est.).
2024Military spending: 3% of GDP (2024 est.).
